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Introduction
Aquamarine, a gemstone celebrated for its oceanic hues, is a blue to blue-green variety of beryl. Its name is derived from the Latin 'aqua marinus', meaning "water of the sea," which perfectly captures its range of refreshing blue tones. This gem is cherished for its clarity and is often associated with tranquility, making it a beloved gemstone worldwide.
History and Origin
Aquamarine has been a gemstone of legends, embodying the purity of crystalline waters and the exhilaration of the sea. It was revered by sailors for protection and has been valued since antiquity for its supposed healing and soothing properties. Significant sources of aquamarine include Brazil, which has been supplying large and fine-quality crystals, as well as countries like Madagascar, Nigeria, Pakistan, and the United States, particularly Colorado.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Chemical Composition: Aquamarine is composed of beryllium aluminum silicate (Be3Al2Si6O18). The presence of iron gives aquamarine its blue color.
Hardness: On the Mohs scale of hardness, aquamarine ranks a solid 7.5 to 8, making it durable for everyday wear.
Color Range: The color palette of aquamarine varies from a faint light blue to a deep sea blue; the most prized specimens have a vivid, sky-blue hue akin to tropical waters.
Symbolism and Meaning
Historically, aquamarine was thought to be the treasure of mermaids and was used by sailors as a talisman for good luck, fearlessness, and protection. It is said to be a stone of eternal youth and happiness, symbolizing purity, relaxation, and calmness. In contemporary times, aquamarine is often seen as a stone that promotes clear communication and is associated with the throat chakra.
Processing and Usage
Aquamarine is typically faceted to showcase its clarity and luster, with the emerald cut being particularly popular to enhance the stone's color and minimize the visibility of any inclusions. It's a favored gem for engagement rings and March birthstone jewelry, reflecting the freshness of spring.
Care and Storage
Aquamarine is relatively hardy but should be shielded from scratching and sharp blows. Cleaning with warm soapy water is recommended, and steam cleaning is usually safe. Store aquamarine away from direct sunlight to prevent color fading, and separate from harder gemstones to avoid scratches.
Interesting Facts
The largest aquamarine of gemstone quality ever mined was found in Brazil, weighing over 110 kg.
Aquamarine is a popular choice for royal and state gifts; for example, the Brazilian government gifted a large aquamarine to Queen Elizabeth II as a coronation present.
Deep blue aquamarines are rare and command higher prices, often referred to as "Santa Maria" aquamarines after the famous mines in Brazil.
Conclusion
Aquamarine, with its soothing blue tones, offers a slice of serenity akin to gazing upon a clear blue sea. Its enduring popularity stems not just from its beauty but also from its symbolism of peace, protection, and clear communication. As a gemstone, aquamarine maintains its status as a timeless choice for both casual adornment and statement pieces.